Tuesday, September 28, 2021

Myanmar's Eden

Even in the 21st century there are pockets of Eden's remaining. Scientists recently trekked to the northernmost area of Myanmar near the Chinese-Indian borders to survey the fauna that lives there. What they found during their arduous journey to remote forested valleys beneath snow-capped mountains in the Hkakaborazi region was surprising. They placed 174 camera traps to see what they could find hidden from their view. This landscape, with the country's highest mountain, Hakabo Razi (19,295 ft) and far from human encroachment is a haven for large mammals. Threatened species such as the Chinese red panda,(Ailurus Styani)clouded leopard,(Neofelis nebulosa),and Shortridge's languar (Trachypithecus shortridgei) appeared in their camera frames.

The camera trap survey took place before the military coup in Myanmar during 2015-19, The team had to slog through dense tropical vegetation that eventually opened up to pine groves and alpine meadows as elevation increased. The region has been studied before and new species identified, but because of its remoteness and rugged terrain, little is known about the wildlife that lives there. The landscape spans from the lowland tropical forest to the high Tibetan plateau, so much remains to be discovered. Species living on the slopes above 10,000 feet are yet to be recorded. It could be this zone is home to the snow leopard(Panthera uncia). Researchers were able to record the presence of forty different large mammals in Hkakaborazi. Ten thousand usable photographs were collected, half of which revealed large mammals

One of those is the Chinese red panda. Photographing even one panda is a notable achievement. From the single photograph, researchers were able to determine that the panda is the Chinese species, distinct from the Himalayan one. Until 2020 red pandas were thought to be a single species related to bears or raccoons. Based on genetic decoded, science now considers the pandasto be their ownunique family and one of the most genetically distinct, and endangered, mammals in the world. [photo credits: Chinese Academy of Sciences]. Takin,(Budorcas taxicolor) a rare type of gnu that inhabits the eastern Himalayas, also made an appearance on camera. Gibbons were heard vocalizing in the trees, but not recorded on camera. Villagers assisted with identifying six more species from their remains.

The authors of the study, published in Global Ecology and Conservation recommend that plans to extend protections afforded by Hkakaborazi National Park into forested areas to the south be implemented. Although the region is only accessible by walking for several days,small scale agricultural and hunting threaten an important ecotone where montane and lowland meet. This edge community provides refuge to animals escaping human activity in the lowlands. Camera traps at lower elevations registered sambar deer (Rusa unicolor), small-toothed ferret-badgers(Melogale moschata)and sun bears (Helarctos malayanus). The study proves Eden still exists on Earth, but those small portions that remain will disappear if man does not act to protect it.